The series $frac{1}{2}+frac{2}{5}+frac{3}{11}+frac{4}{23}+…$
Consider the expression $frac{1}{2}+frac{2}{5}+frac{3}{11}+frac{4}{23}+...$
Denote the numerator and the denominator of the $j^text{th}$ term by $N_{j}$ and $D_{j}$, respectively. Then, $N_1=1$, $D_1=2$, and, for every $j>1$, $$
N_j=
N_{j-1}+1qquad D_j=
2D_{j-1}+1$$
What is the $50^text{th}$ term?
Must we evaluate that term-by-term until we reach the $50^text{th}$ term?
What is the sum of the first $25$ term?
Must we add them one-by-one?
What is the exact value of the sum to $infty$?
sequences-and-series convergence summation recurrence-relations
|
show 4 more comments
Consider the expression $frac{1}{2}+frac{2}{5}+frac{3}{11}+frac{4}{23}+...$
Denote the numerator and the denominator of the $j^text{th}$ term by $N_{j}$ and $D_{j}$, respectively. Then, $N_1=1$, $D_1=2$, and, for every $j>1$, $$
N_j=
N_{j-1}+1qquad D_j=
2D_{j-1}+1$$
What is the $50^text{th}$ term?
Must we evaluate that term-by-term until we reach the $50^text{th}$ term?
What is the sum of the first $25$ term?
Must we add them one-by-one?
What is the exact value of the sum to $infty$?
sequences-and-series convergence summation recurrence-relations
2
Answers to your question: no and no.
– Yves Daoust
Dec 9 at 9:19
1
Did you mean to write $D_j = 2D_{j-1}+1$ for $j > 1$?
– JimmyK4542
Dec 9 at 9:20
@JimmyK4542 Yes, I did.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:23
@AweKumarJha , $frac{50}{523}$ is not true, the $50^text{th}$ term is much less than that.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:26
Then it just looks like a very similar series involving primes. Try using the method of generating functions to convert the recursion into explicit formula.
– Awe Kumar Jha
Dec 9 at 9:28
|
show 4 more comments
Consider the expression $frac{1}{2}+frac{2}{5}+frac{3}{11}+frac{4}{23}+...$
Denote the numerator and the denominator of the $j^text{th}$ term by $N_{j}$ and $D_{j}$, respectively. Then, $N_1=1$, $D_1=2$, and, for every $j>1$, $$
N_j=
N_{j-1}+1qquad D_j=
2D_{j-1}+1$$
What is the $50^text{th}$ term?
Must we evaluate that term-by-term until we reach the $50^text{th}$ term?
What is the sum of the first $25$ term?
Must we add them one-by-one?
What is the exact value of the sum to $infty$?
sequences-and-series convergence summation recurrence-relations
Consider the expression $frac{1}{2}+frac{2}{5}+frac{3}{11}+frac{4}{23}+...$
Denote the numerator and the denominator of the $j^text{th}$ term by $N_{j}$ and $D_{j}$, respectively. Then, $N_1=1$, $D_1=2$, and, for every $j>1$, $$
N_j=
N_{j-1}+1qquad D_j=
2D_{j-1}+1$$
What is the $50^text{th}$ term?
Must we evaluate that term-by-term until we reach the $50^text{th}$ term?
What is the sum of the first $25$ term?
Must we add them one-by-one?
What is the exact value of the sum to $infty$?
sequences-and-series convergence summation recurrence-relations
sequences-and-series convergence summation recurrence-relations
edited Dec 9 at 9:56
Did
246k23220454
246k23220454
asked Dec 9 at 9:14
Hussain-Alqatari
2997
2997
2
Answers to your question: no and no.
– Yves Daoust
Dec 9 at 9:19
1
Did you mean to write $D_j = 2D_{j-1}+1$ for $j > 1$?
– JimmyK4542
Dec 9 at 9:20
@JimmyK4542 Yes, I did.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:23
@AweKumarJha , $frac{50}{523}$ is not true, the $50^text{th}$ term is much less than that.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:26
Then it just looks like a very similar series involving primes. Try using the method of generating functions to convert the recursion into explicit formula.
– Awe Kumar Jha
Dec 9 at 9:28
|
show 4 more comments
2
Answers to your question: no and no.
– Yves Daoust
Dec 9 at 9:19
1
Did you mean to write $D_j = 2D_{j-1}+1$ for $j > 1$?
– JimmyK4542
Dec 9 at 9:20
@JimmyK4542 Yes, I did.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:23
@AweKumarJha , $frac{50}{523}$ is not true, the $50^text{th}$ term is much less than that.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:26
Then it just looks like a very similar series involving primes. Try using the method of generating functions to convert the recursion into explicit formula.
– Awe Kumar Jha
Dec 9 at 9:28
2
2
Answers to your question: no and no.
– Yves Daoust
Dec 9 at 9:19
Answers to your question: no and no.
– Yves Daoust
Dec 9 at 9:19
1
1
Did you mean to write $D_j = 2D_{j-1}+1$ for $j > 1$?
– JimmyK4542
Dec 9 at 9:20
Did you mean to write $D_j = 2D_{j-1}+1$ for $j > 1$?
– JimmyK4542
Dec 9 at 9:20
@JimmyK4542 Yes, I did.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:23
@JimmyK4542 Yes, I did.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:23
@AweKumarJha , $frac{50}{523}$ is not true, the $50^text{th}$ term is much less than that.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:26
@AweKumarJha , $frac{50}{523}$ is not true, the $50^text{th}$ term is much less than that.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:26
Then it just looks like a very similar series involving primes. Try using the method of generating functions to convert the recursion into explicit formula.
– Awe Kumar Jha
Dec 9 at 9:28
Then it just looks like a very similar series involving primes. Try using the method of generating functions to convert the recursion into explicit formula.
– Awe Kumar Jha
Dec 9 at 9:28
|
show 4 more comments
3 Answers
3
active
oldest
votes
The $n^{th}$ term is $frac{n}{3cdot 2^{n-1}-1}$, as can easily be proven by induction. [You can guess this by simply looking at the first two terms as you know it has to be of the form $ccdot2^n+d$]
$therefore 50^{th}$ term$=frac{50}{3cdot 2^{49}-1}$.
I tried all the methods I know(which includes generating functions, bruteforce calculation, CAS). The sum does not have a closed form formula.(As is the case with most nontrivial rapidly converging sums). You may however calculate the sum with arbitrary precision pretty easily.
This is helpful. Thank you. What about my second and the third questions?
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:30
I am trying those parts. Will edit as soon as I get something useful. As of now, I think there is no closed form for the summation.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:32
1
Please usecdot
instead of.
. The notation is really confusing.
– Kemono Chen
Dec 9 at 9:35
@KemonoChen, fixed it.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:36
1
Appreciate the work, THANKS!
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 10:36
|
show 1 more comment
If $d_{j+1}=2d_j+1$ then $d_{j+1}+1=2(d_j+1)Rightarrow d_n+1=(d_1+1)2^{n-1}=3cdot2^{n-1}$.
So 50th term is $frac{50}{3cdot2^{49}-1}$
add a comment |
$D_j=2D_{j-1}+1\ =2(2D_{j-2}+1)+1\ =4D_{j-2}+1+2\ =4(2D_{j-3}+1)+1+2\ vdots\ =2^kD_{j-k}+2^k-1\ =2^{j-1}D_1+2^{j-1}-1\ =3cdot2^{j-1}-1$
$s_n=N_n/D_n=displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-1}, nge1$
$s_n<displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-2^{n-1}}=frac n{2^n}$
$displaystylesum_1^infty s_n<sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}$ which is an AP-GP series
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac24+frac38...$
$frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=0+frac14+frac28+frac3{16}...$
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}-frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac14+frac18...=1$
$displaystyleimplies0<sum_1^infty s_n<2$
The sum is not less than $4/3$, it is $1.5997809dots$.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:58
My bad, I'll recheck what I wrote.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:00
Actually, s_n > n/(3⋅2^n−1)
– Ankit Kumar
Dec 9 at 10:01
Yeah, thanks for pointing it out.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:03
add a comment |
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3 Answers
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3 Answers
3
active
oldest
votes
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oldest
votes
The $n^{th}$ term is $frac{n}{3cdot 2^{n-1}-1}$, as can easily be proven by induction. [You can guess this by simply looking at the first two terms as you know it has to be of the form $ccdot2^n+d$]
$therefore 50^{th}$ term$=frac{50}{3cdot 2^{49}-1}$.
I tried all the methods I know(which includes generating functions, bruteforce calculation, CAS). The sum does not have a closed form formula.(As is the case with most nontrivial rapidly converging sums). You may however calculate the sum with arbitrary precision pretty easily.
This is helpful. Thank you. What about my second and the third questions?
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:30
I am trying those parts. Will edit as soon as I get something useful. As of now, I think there is no closed form for the summation.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:32
1
Please usecdot
instead of.
. The notation is really confusing.
– Kemono Chen
Dec 9 at 9:35
@KemonoChen, fixed it.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:36
1
Appreciate the work, THANKS!
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 10:36
|
show 1 more comment
The $n^{th}$ term is $frac{n}{3cdot 2^{n-1}-1}$, as can easily be proven by induction. [You can guess this by simply looking at the first two terms as you know it has to be of the form $ccdot2^n+d$]
$therefore 50^{th}$ term$=frac{50}{3cdot 2^{49}-1}$.
I tried all the methods I know(which includes generating functions, bruteforce calculation, CAS). The sum does not have a closed form formula.(As is the case with most nontrivial rapidly converging sums). You may however calculate the sum with arbitrary precision pretty easily.
This is helpful. Thank you. What about my second and the third questions?
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:30
I am trying those parts. Will edit as soon as I get something useful. As of now, I think there is no closed form for the summation.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:32
1
Please usecdot
instead of.
. The notation is really confusing.
– Kemono Chen
Dec 9 at 9:35
@KemonoChen, fixed it.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:36
1
Appreciate the work, THANKS!
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 10:36
|
show 1 more comment
The $n^{th}$ term is $frac{n}{3cdot 2^{n-1}-1}$, as can easily be proven by induction. [You can guess this by simply looking at the first two terms as you know it has to be of the form $ccdot2^n+d$]
$therefore 50^{th}$ term$=frac{50}{3cdot 2^{49}-1}$.
I tried all the methods I know(which includes generating functions, bruteforce calculation, CAS). The sum does not have a closed form formula.(As is the case with most nontrivial rapidly converging sums). You may however calculate the sum with arbitrary precision pretty easily.
The $n^{th}$ term is $frac{n}{3cdot 2^{n-1}-1}$, as can easily be proven by induction. [You can guess this by simply looking at the first two terms as you know it has to be of the form $ccdot2^n+d$]
$therefore 50^{th}$ term$=frac{50}{3cdot 2^{49}-1}$.
I tried all the methods I know(which includes generating functions, bruteforce calculation, CAS). The sum does not have a closed form formula.(As is the case with most nontrivial rapidly converging sums). You may however calculate the sum with arbitrary precision pretty easily.
edited Dec 9 at 10:22
answered Dec 9 at 9:28
Anubhab Ghosal
74412
74412
This is helpful. Thank you. What about my second and the third questions?
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:30
I am trying those parts. Will edit as soon as I get something useful. As of now, I think there is no closed form for the summation.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:32
1
Please usecdot
instead of.
. The notation is really confusing.
– Kemono Chen
Dec 9 at 9:35
@KemonoChen, fixed it.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:36
1
Appreciate the work, THANKS!
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 10:36
|
show 1 more comment
This is helpful. Thank you. What about my second and the third questions?
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:30
I am trying those parts. Will edit as soon as I get something useful. As of now, I think there is no closed form for the summation.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:32
1
Please usecdot
instead of.
. The notation is really confusing.
– Kemono Chen
Dec 9 at 9:35
@KemonoChen, fixed it.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:36
1
Appreciate the work, THANKS!
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 10:36
This is helpful. Thank you. What about my second and the third questions?
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:30
This is helpful. Thank you. What about my second and the third questions?
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:30
I am trying those parts. Will edit as soon as I get something useful. As of now, I think there is no closed form for the summation.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:32
I am trying those parts. Will edit as soon as I get something useful. As of now, I think there is no closed form for the summation.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:32
1
1
Please use
cdot
instead of .
. The notation is really confusing.– Kemono Chen
Dec 9 at 9:35
Please use
cdot
instead of .
. The notation is really confusing.– Kemono Chen
Dec 9 at 9:35
@KemonoChen, fixed it.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:36
@KemonoChen, fixed it.
– Anubhab Ghosal
Dec 9 at 9:36
1
1
Appreciate the work, THANKS!
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 10:36
Appreciate the work, THANKS!
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 10:36
|
show 1 more comment
If $d_{j+1}=2d_j+1$ then $d_{j+1}+1=2(d_j+1)Rightarrow d_n+1=(d_1+1)2^{n-1}=3cdot2^{n-1}$.
So 50th term is $frac{50}{3cdot2^{49}-1}$
add a comment |
If $d_{j+1}=2d_j+1$ then $d_{j+1}+1=2(d_j+1)Rightarrow d_n+1=(d_1+1)2^{n-1}=3cdot2^{n-1}$.
So 50th term is $frac{50}{3cdot2^{49}-1}$
add a comment |
If $d_{j+1}=2d_j+1$ then $d_{j+1}+1=2(d_j+1)Rightarrow d_n+1=(d_1+1)2^{n-1}=3cdot2^{n-1}$.
So 50th term is $frac{50}{3cdot2^{49}-1}$
If $d_{j+1}=2d_j+1$ then $d_{j+1}+1=2(d_j+1)Rightarrow d_n+1=(d_1+1)2^{n-1}=3cdot2^{n-1}$.
So 50th term is $frac{50}{3cdot2^{49}-1}$
answered Dec 9 at 9:39
Minz
951127
951127
add a comment |
add a comment |
$D_j=2D_{j-1}+1\ =2(2D_{j-2}+1)+1\ =4D_{j-2}+1+2\ =4(2D_{j-3}+1)+1+2\ vdots\ =2^kD_{j-k}+2^k-1\ =2^{j-1}D_1+2^{j-1}-1\ =3cdot2^{j-1}-1$
$s_n=N_n/D_n=displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-1}, nge1$
$s_n<displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-2^{n-1}}=frac n{2^n}$
$displaystylesum_1^infty s_n<sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}$ which is an AP-GP series
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac24+frac38...$
$frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=0+frac14+frac28+frac3{16}...$
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}-frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac14+frac18...=1$
$displaystyleimplies0<sum_1^infty s_n<2$
The sum is not less than $4/3$, it is $1.5997809dots$.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:58
My bad, I'll recheck what I wrote.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:00
Actually, s_n > n/(3⋅2^n−1)
– Ankit Kumar
Dec 9 at 10:01
Yeah, thanks for pointing it out.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:03
add a comment |
$D_j=2D_{j-1}+1\ =2(2D_{j-2}+1)+1\ =4D_{j-2}+1+2\ =4(2D_{j-3}+1)+1+2\ vdots\ =2^kD_{j-k}+2^k-1\ =2^{j-1}D_1+2^{j-1}-1\ =3cdot2^{j-1}-1$
$s_n=N_n/D_n=displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-1}, nge1$
$s_n<displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-2^{n-1}}=frac n{2^n}$
$displaystylesum_1^infty s_n<sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}$ which is an AP-GP series
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac24+frac38...$
$frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=0+frac14+frac28+frac3{16}...$
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}-frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac14+frac18...=1$
$displaystyleimplies0<sum_1^infty s_n<2$
The sum is not less than $4/3$, it is $1.5997809dots$.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:58
My bad, I'll recheck what I wrote.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:00
Actually, s_n > n/(3⋅2^n−1)
– Ankit Kumar
Dec 9 at 10:01
Yeah, thanks for pointing it out.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:03
add a comment |
$D_j=2D_{j-1}+1\ =2(2D_{j-2}+1)+1\ =4D_{j-2}+1+2\ =4(2D_{j-3}+1)+1+2\ vdots\ =2^kD_{j-k}+2^k-1\ =2^{j-1}D_1+2^{j-1}-1\ =3cdot2^{j-1}-1$
$s_n=N_n/D_n=displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-1}, nge1$
$s_n<displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-2^{n-1}}=frac n{2^n}$
$displaystylesum_1^infty s_n<sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}$ which is an AP-GP series
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac24+frac38...$
$frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=0+frac14+frac28+frac3{16}...$
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}-frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac14+frac18...=1$
$displaystyleimplies0<sum_1^infty s_n<2$
$D_j=2D_{j-1}+1\ =2(2D_{j-2}+1)+1\ =4D_{j-2}+1+2\ =4(2D_{j-3}+1)+1+2\ vdots\ =2^kD_{j-k}+2^k-1\ =2^{j-1}D_1+2^{j-1}-1\ =3cdot2^{j-1}-1$
$s_n=N_n/D_n=displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-1}, nge1$
$s_n<displaystylefrac n{3cdot2^{n-1}-2^{n-1}}=frac n{2^n}$
$displaystylesum_1^infty s_n<sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}$ which is an AP-GP series
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac24+frac38...$
$frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=0+frac14+frac28+frac3{16}...$
$sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}-frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12sum_1^infty frac n{2^n}=frac12+frac14+frac18...=1$
$displaystyleimplies0<sum_1^infty s_n<2$
edited Dec 9 at 10:18
answered Dec 9 at 9:52
Shubham Johri
3,826716
3,826716
The sum is not less than $4/3$, it is $1.5997809dots$.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:58
My bad, I'll recheck what I wrote.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:00
Actually, s_n > n/(3⋅2^n−1)
– Ankit Kumar
Dec 9 at 10:01
Yeah, thanks for pointing it out.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:03
add a comment |
The sum is not less than $4/3$, it is $1.5997809dots$.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:58
My bad, I'll recheck what I wrote.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:00
Actually, s_n > n/(3⋅2^n−1)
– Ankit Kumar
Dec 9 at 10:01
Yeah, thanks for pointing it out.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:03
The sum is not less than $4/3$, it is $1.5997809dots$.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:58
The sum is not less than $4/3$, it is $1.5997809dots$.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:58
My bad, I'll recheck what I wrote.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:00
My bad, I'll recheck what I wrote.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:00
Actually, s_n > n/(3⋅2^n−1)
– Ankit Kumar
Dec 9 at 10:01
Actually, s_n > n/(3⋅2^n−1)
– Ankit Kumar
Dec 9 at 10:01
Yeah, thanks for pointing it out.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:03
Yeah, thanks for pointing it out.
– Shubham Johri
Dec 9 at 10:03
add a comment |
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Answers to your question: no and no.
– Yves Daoust
Dec 9 at 9:19
1
Did you mean to write $D_j = 2D_{j-1}+1$ for $j > 1$?
– JimmyK4542
Dec 9 at 9:20
@JimmyK4542 Yes, I did.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:23
@AweKumarJha , $frac{50}{523}$ is not true, the $50^text{th}$ term is much less than that.
– Hussain-Alqatari
Dec 9 at 9:26
Then it just looks like a very similar series involving primes. Try using the method of generating functions to convert the recursion into explicit formula.
– Awe Kumar Jha
Dec 9 at 9:28