non-constant acceleration, how to find time and distance?











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A roulette ball spins around a rim.



What is the time ($t$) and distance ($d$) in which the velocity of the ball $= v$ (whatever number)?



The Deceleration of the ball from $4$ spins was plotted on a scatter and was best described with the following $3$rd order polynomial:



$$A(t)= 0.0396t^3 - 1.1035t^2 + 10.25t -33.898 quadtext{with}~ R^2 = 84.6%$$



I have been trying to find Time and distance from velocity and acceleration using:



begin{align*}t &= frac{text{Final Velocity} - text{Initial Velocity}}{text{Acceleration}} d \
&= text{Initial Velocity} times text{Time} + frac12 text{Acceleration} times text{Time}^2
end{align*}



Unfortunately this equation assumes a constant acceleration and so gives me nonsense since the acceleration of the ball is not constant.



I don't know if this will be useful but the relationship I see is: the higher the ball velocity, the higher the rate of deceleration. So I plotted Acceleration as a function of Velocity:



$$A(V) = -0.00008v^3 + 0.0125v^2 - 0.7688v + 14.983 R^2 = 0.88$$



Thank you I've researched this for 3 damn hours.. if anyone can put me in the right direction it would be appreciated, thanks










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  • I hope you have had a course in calculus because, without it, you cannot solve this problem.
    – ja72
    Dec 2 at 5:45










  • Your formula is only applicable for constant acceleration.
    – amd
    Dec 2 at 5:55










  • I did calculus a few years ago, im a bit rusty. especially since my applicaiton of calculus was for econ and econometrics, not physical problems... and also mainly only first or second derivatives.
    – Tom Edouard Pelletier
    Dec 2 at 17:21

















up vote
0
down vote

favorite












A roulette ball spins around a rim.



What is the time ($t$) and distance ($d$) in which the velocity of the ball $= v$ (whatever number)?



The Deceleration of the ball from $4$ spins was plotted on a scatter and was best described with the following $3$rd order polynomial:



$$A(t)= 0.0396t^3 - 1.1035t^2 + 10.25t -33.898 quadtext{with}~ R^2 = 84.6%$$



I have been trying to find Time and distance from velocity and acceleration using:



begin{align*}t &= frac{text{Final Velocity} - text{Initial Velocity}}{text{Acceleration}} d \
&= text{Initial Velocity} times text{Time} + frac12 text{Acceleration} times text{Time}^2
end{align*}



Unfortunately this equation assumes a constant acceleration and so gives me nonsense since the acceleration of the ball is not constant.



I don't know if this will be useful but the relationship I see is: the higher the ball velocity, the higher the rate of deceleration. So I plotted Acceleration as a function of Velocity:



$$A(V) = -0.00008v^3 + 0.0125v^2 - 0.7688v + 14.983 R^2 = 0.88$$



Thank you I've researched this for 3 damn hours.. if anyone can put me in the right direction it would be appreciated, thanks










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor




Tom Edouard Pelletier is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.




















  • I hope you have had a course in calculus because, without it, you cannot solve this problem.
    – ja72
    Dec 2 at 5:45










  • Your formula is only applicable for constant acceleration.
    – amd
    Dec 2 at 5:55










  • I did calculus a few years ago, im a bit rusty. especially since my applicaiton of calculus was for econ and econometrics, not physical problems... and also mainly only first or second derivatives.
    – Tom Edouard Pelletier
    Dec 2 at 17:21















up vote
0
down vote

favorite









up vote
0
down vote

favorite











A roulette ball spins around a rim.



What is the time ($t$) and distance ($d$) in which the velocity of the ball $= v$ (whatever number)?



The Deceleration of the ball from $4$ spins was plotted on a scatter and was best described with the following $3$rd order polynomial:



$$A(t)= 0.0396t^3 - 1.1035t^2 + 10.25t -33.898 quadtext{with}~ R^2 = 84.6%$$



I have been trying to find Time and distance from velocity and acceleration using:



begin{align*}t &= frac{text{Final Velocity} - text{Initial Velocity}}{text{Acceleration}} d \
&= text{Initial Velocity} times text{Time} + frac12 text{Acceleration} times text{Time}^2
end{align*}



Unfortunately this equation assumes a constant acceleration and so gives me nonsense since the acceleration of the ball is not constant.



I don't know if this will be useful but the relationship I see is: the higher the ball velocity, the higher the rate of deceleration. So I plotted Acceleration as a function of Velocity:



$$A(V) = -0.00008v^3 + 0.0125v^2 - 0.7688v + 14.983 R^2 = 0.88$$



Thank you I've researched this for 3 damn hours.. if anyone can put me in the right direction it would be appreciated, thanks










share|cite|improve this question









New contributor




Tom Edouard Pelletier is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











A roulette ball spins around a rim.



What is the time ($t$) and distance ($d$) in which the velocity of the ball $= v$ (whatever number)?



The Deceleration of the ball from $4$ spins was plotted on a scatter and was best described with the following $3$rd order polynomial:



$$A(t)= 0.0396t^3 - 1.1035t^2 + 10.25t -33.898 quadtext{with}~ R^2 = 84.6%$$



I have been trying to find Time and distance from velocity and acceleration using:



begin{align*}t &= frac{text{Final Velocity} - text{Initial Velocity}}{text{Acceleration}} d \
&= text{Initial Velocity} times text{Time} + frac12 text{Acceleration} times text{Time}^2
end{align*}



Unfortunately this equation assumes a constant acceleration and so gives me nonsense since the acceleration of the ball is not constant.



I don't know if this will be useful but the relationship I see is: the higher the ball velocity, the higher the rate of deceleration. So I plotted Acceleration as a function of Velocity:



$$A(V) = -0.00008v^3 + 0.0125v^2 - 0.7688v + 14.983 R^2 = 0.88$$



Thank you I've researched this for 3 damn hours.. if anyone can put me in the right direction it would be appreciated, thanks







derivatives mathematical-physics time-series






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Tom Edouard Pelletier is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











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Tom Edouard Pelletier is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









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edited Dec 2 at 7:17









Tianlalu

2,9451936




2,9451936






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asked Dec 2 at 5:17









Tom Edouard Pelletier

1




1




New contributor




Tom Edouard Pelletier is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





Tom Edouard Pelletier is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






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Check out our Code of Conduct.












  • I hope you have had a course in calculus because, without it, you cannot solve this problem.
    – ja72
    Dec 2 at 5:45










  • Your formula is only applicable for constant acceleration.
    – amd
    Dec 2 at 5:55










  • I did calculus a few years ago, im a bit rusty. especially since my applicaiton of calculus was for econ and econometrics, not physical problems... and also mainly only first or second derivatives.
    – Tom Edouard Pelletier
    Dec 2 at 17:21




















  • I hope you have had a course in calculus because, without it, you cannot solve this problem.
    – ja72
    Dec 2 at 5:45










  • Your formula is only applicable for constant acceleration.
    – amd
    Dec 2 at 5:55










  • I did calculus a few years ago, im a bit rusty. especially since my applicaiton of calculus was for econ and econometrics, not physical problems... and also mainly only first or second derivatives.
    – Tom Edouard Pelletier
    Dec 2 at 17:21


















I hope you have had a course in calculus because, without it, you cannot solve this problem.
– ja72
Dec 2 at 5:45




I hope you have had a course in calculus because, without it, you cannot solve this problem.
– ja72
Dec 2 at 5:45












Your formula is only applicable for constant acceleration.
– amd
Dec 2 at 5:55




Your formula is only applicable for constant acceleration.
– amd
Dec 2 at 5:55












I did calculus a few years ago, im a bit rusty. especially since my applicaiton of calculus was for econ and econometrics, not physical problems... and also mainly only first or second derivatives.
– Tom Edouard Pelletier
Dec 2 at 17:21






I did calculus a few years ago, im a bit rusty. especially since my applicaiton of calculus was for econ and econometrics, not physical problems... and also mainly only first or second derivatives.
– Tom Edouard Pelletier
Dec 2 at 17:21












2 Answers
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Hint



For continuously varying acceleration, use the relation $a(t)=frac{d[v(t)]}{dt}implies v(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} a(t) dt+v(t_1)$



Once you obtain velocity as a function of time $t$, use the relation $v(t)=frac{d[s(t)]}{dt}implies s(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} v(t) dt+s(t_1) $



As far as finding the time for a particular velocity or acceleration is concerned, you know the expressions for $v,a$ as functions of time. You just need to plug-in the values and find the roots of the polynomial in $t$.






share|cite|improve this answer




























    up vote
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    down vote













    In your case acceleration as a function of time only, $a(t)$. So direct integration applies here:



    $$ begin{aligned} & text{speed} & & text{distance} \
    v(t) & = v_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t a(t),{rm d}t & x(t) & = x_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t v(t),{rm d}t
    end{aligned} $$






    share|cite|improve this answer





















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      2 Answers
      2






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      2 Answers
      2






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      active

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      up vote
      0
      down vote













      Hint



      For continuously varying acceleration, use the relation $a(t)=frac{d[v(t)]}{dt}implies v(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} a(t) dt+v(t_1)$



      Once you obtain velocity as a function of time $t$, use the relation $v(t)=frac{d[s(t)]}{dt}implies s(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} v(t) dt+s(t_1) $



      As far as finding the time for a particular velocity or acceleration is concerned, you know the expressions for $v,a$ as functions of time. You just need to plug-in the values and find the roots of the polynomial in $t$.






      share|cite|improve this answer

























        up vote
        0
        down vote













        Hint



        For continuously varying acceleration, use the relation $a(t)=frac{d[v(t)]}{dt}implies v(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} a(t) dt+v(t_1)$



        Once you obtain velocity as a function of time $t$, use the relation $v(t)=frac{d[s(t)]}{dt}implies s(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} v(t) dt+s(t_1) $



        As far as finding the time for a particular velocity or acceleration is concerned, you know the expressions for $v,a$ as functions of time. You just need to plug-in the values and find the roots of the polynomial in $t$.






        share|cite|improve this answer























          up vote
          0
          down vote










          up vote
          0
          down vote









          Hint



          For continuously varying acceleration, use the relation $a(t)=frac{d[v(t)]}{dt}implies v(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} a(t) dt+v(t_1)$



          Once you obtain velocity as a function of time $t$, use the relation $v(t)=frac{d[s(t)]}{dt}implies s(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} v(t) dt+s(t_1) $



          As far as finding the time for a particular velocity or acceleration is concerned, you know the expressions for $v,a$ as functions of time. You just need to plug-in the values and find the roots of the polynomial in $t$.






          share|cite|improve this answer












          Hint



          For continuously varying acceleration, use the relation $a(t)=frac{d[v(t)]}{dt}implies v(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} a(t) dt+v(t_1)$



          Once you obtain velocity as a function of time $t$, use the relation $v(t)=frac{d[s(t)]}{dt}implies s(t)=int_{t_1}^{t} v(t) dt+s(t_1) $



          As far as finding the time for a particular velocity or acceleration is concerned, you know the expressions for $v,a$ as functions of time. You just need to plug-in the values and find the roots of the polynomial in $t$.







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered Dec 2 at 5:39









          Shubham Johri

          1,08339




          1,08339






















              up vote
              0
              down vote













              In your case acceleration as a function of time only, $a(t)$. So direct integration applies here:



              $$ begin{aligned} & text{speed} & & text{distance} \
              v(t) & = v_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t a(t),{rm d}t & x(t) & = x_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t v(t),{rm d}t
              end{aligned} $$






              share|cite|improve this answer

























                up vote
                0
                down vote













                In your case acceleration as a function of time only, $a(t)$. So direct integration applies here:



                $$ begin{aligned} & text{speed} & & text{distance} \
                v(t) & = v_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t a(t),{rm d}t & x(t) & = x_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t v(t),{rm d}t
                end{aligned} $$






                share|cite|improve this answer























                  up vote
                  0
                  down vote










                  up vote
                  0
                  down vote









                  In your case acceleration as a function of time only, $a(t)$. So direct integration applies here:



                  $$ begin{aligned} & text{speed} & & text{distance} \
                  v(t) & = v_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t a(t),{rm d}t & x(t) & = x_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t v(t),{rm d}t
                  end{aligned} $$






                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  In your case acceleration as a function of time only, $a(t)$. So direct integration applies here:



                  $$ begin{aligned} & text{speed} & & text{distance} \
                  v(t) & = v_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t a(t),{rm d}t & x(t) & = x_0 + int limits_{t_0}^t v(t),{rm d}t
                  end{aligned} $$







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered Dec 2 at 5:44









                  ja72

                  7,39712043




                  7,39712043






















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