Gaussian curvature of ruled surfaces











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Let $c: I rightarrow mathbb{R}^3$ be a regular curve, $V: I rightarrow mathbb{S}^2$ a vector field and $a < b$. Then we call
$$
f: (a,b)times I rightarrow mathbb{R}^3, quad f(s,t):= c(t) +sV(t)
$$

a ruled surface.



Show that $f$ has gaussian curvature $K(s, t) leq 0$.




For the first fundamental form, I obtained
$$
G = begin{pmatrix}
1 & langle V, c'rangle \
langle V, c'rangle & lvert c' + sV' rvert^2
end{pmatrix}
$$



and for the second fundamental form
$$
B = frac{1}{lvert V times ( c' + sV') rvert} begin{pmatrix}
0 & langle V', V times (c' + sV') rangle \
langle V', V times (c'+sV') rangle & *
end{pmatrix}
$$

and thus (with $V perp V'$) that
$$
K = frac{det B}{det G} = frac{-2 langle V', Vtimes c' rangle}{lvert c' + sV' rvert^2 -2langle V, c' rangle} cdot frac{1}{lvert V times (c' + sV') rvert}.
$$



I know that this question was already answered here: Gaussian and Mean Curvatures for a Ruled Surface.



However, there are additional assumptions made such as $c' perp V'$ and $lvert V' rvert = 1$. I don't know how to apply that as my case is a bit more general.










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    up vote
    2
    down vote

    favorite













    Let $c: I rightarrow mathbb{R}^3$ be a regular curve, $V: I rightarrow mathbb{S}^2$ a vector field and $a < b$. Then we call
    $$
    f: (a,b)times I rightarrow mathbb{R}^3, quad f(s,t):= c(t) +sV(t)
    $$

    a ruled surface.



    Show that $f$ has gaussian curvature $K(s, t) leq 0$.




    For the first fundamental form, I obtained
    $$
    G = begin{pmatrix}
    1 & langle V, c'rangle \
    langle V, c'rangle & lvert c' + sV' rvert^2
    end{pmatrix}
    $$



    and for the second fundamental form
    $$
    B = frac{1}{lvert V times ( c' + sV') rvert} begin{pmatrix}
    0 & langle V', V times (c' + sV') rangle \
    langle V', V times (c'+sV') rangle & *
    end{pmatrix}
    $$

    and thus (with $V perp V'$) that
    $$
    K = frac{det B}{det G} = frac{-2 langle V', Vtimes c' rangle}{lvert c' + sV' rvert^2 -2langle V, c' rangle} cdot frac{1}{lvert V times (c' + sV') rvert}.
    $$



    I know that this question was already answered here: Gaussian and Mean Curvatures for a Ruled Surface.



    However, there are additional assumptions made such as $c' perp V'$ and $lvert V' rvert = 1$. I don't know how to apply that as my case is a bit more general.










    share|cite|improve this question
























      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite












      Let $c: I rightarrow mathbb{R}^3$ be a regular curve, $V: I rightarrow mathbb{S}^2$ a vector field and $a < b$. Then we call
      $$
      f: (a,b)times I rightarrow mathbb{R}^3, quad f(s,t):= c(t) +sV(t)
      $$

      a ruled surface.



      Show that $f$ has gaussian curvature $K(s, t) leq 0$.




      For the first fundamental form, I obtained
      $$
      G = begin{pmatrix}
      1 & langle V, c'rangle \
      langle V, c'rangle & lvert c' + sV' rvert^2
      end{pmatrix}
      $$



      and for the second fundamental form
      $$
      B = frac{1}{lvert V times ( c' + sV') rvert} begin{pmatrix}
      0 & langle V', V times (c' + sV') rangle \
      langle V', V times (c'+sV') rangle & *
      end{pmatrix}
      $$

      and thus (with $V perp V'$) that
      $$
      K = frac{det B}{det G} = frac{-2 langle V', Vtimes c' rangle}{lvert c' + sV' rvert^2 -2langle V, c' rangle} cdot frac{1}{lvert V times (c' + sV') rvert}.
      $$



      I know that this question was already answered here: Gaussian and Mean Curvatures for a Ruled Surface.



      However, there are additional assumptions made such as $c' perp V'$ and $lvert V' rvert = 1$. I don't know how to apply that as my case is a bit more general.










      share|cite|improve this question














      Let $c: I rightarrow mathbb{R}^3$ be a regular curve, $V: I rightarrow mathbb{S}^2$ a vector field and $a < b$. Then we call
      $$
      f: (a,b)times I rightarrow mathbb{R}^3, quad f(s,t):= c(t) +sV(t)
      $$

      a ruled surface.



      Show that $f$ has gaussian curvature $K(s, t) leq 0$.




      For the first fundamental form, I obtained
      $$
      G = begin{pmatrix}
      1 & langle V, c'rangle \
      langle V, c'rangle & lvert c' + sV' rvert^2
      end{pmatrix}
      $$



      and for the second fundamental form
      $$
      B = frac{1}{lvert V times ( c' + sV') rvert} begin{pmatrix}
      0 & langle V', V times (c' + sV') rangle \
      langle V', V times (c'+sV') rangle & *
      end{pmatrix}
      $$

      and thus (with $V perp V'$) that
      $$
      K = frac{det B}{det G} = frac{-2 langle V', Vtimes c' rangle}{lvert c' + sV' rvert^2 -2langle V, c' rangle} cdot frac{1}{lvert V times (c' + sV') rvert}.
      $$



      I know that this question was already answered here: Gaussian and Mean Curvatures for a Ruled Surface.



      However, there are additional assumptions made such as $c' perp V'$ and $lvert V' rvert = 1$. I don't know how to apply that as my case is a bit more general.







      differential-geometry surfaces curvature






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      asked Dec 1 at 19:58









      fpmoo

      368112




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          Two comments:



          First, you can see on geometric grounds that any ruled surface has $Kle 0$, as the rulings are asymptotic curves, and one cannot have asymptotic curves when $K>0$.



          Second, you know that $det G>0$ (always) and it's clear (from the $0$ in the $11$-entry) that $det Ble 0$. So $det B/det G le 0$.






          share|cite|improve this answer





















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            up vote
            1
            down vote



            accepted










            Two comments:



            First, you can see on geometric grounds that any ruled surface has $Kle 0$, as the rulings are asymptotic curves, and one cannot have asymptotic curves when $K>0$.



            Second, you know that $det G>0$ (always) and it's clear (from the $0$ in the $11$-entry) that $det Ble 0$. So $det B/det G le 0$.






            share|cite|improve this answer

























              up vote
              1
              down vote



              accepted










              Two comments:



              First, you can see on geometric grounds that any ruled surface has $Kle 0$, as the rulings are asymptotic curves, and one cannot have asymptotic curves when $K>0$.



              Second, you know that $det G>0$ (always) and it's clear (from the $0$ in the $11$-entry) that $det Ble 0$. So $det B/det G le 0$.






              share|cite|improve this answer























                up vote
                1
                down vote



                accepted







                up vote
                1
                down vote



                accepted






                Two comments:



                First, you can see on geometric grounds that any ruled surface has $Kle 0$, as the rulings are asymptotic curves, and one cannot have asymptotic curves when $K>0$.



                Second, you know that $det G>0$ (always) and it's clear (from the $0$ in the $11$-entry) that $det Ble 0$. So $det B/det G le 0$.






                share|cite|improve this answer












                Two comments:



                First, you can see on geometric grounds that any ruled surface has $Kle 0$, as the rulings are asymptotic curves, and one cannot have asymptotic curves when $K>0$.



                Second, you know that $det G>0$ (always) and it's clear (from the $0$ in the $11$-entry) that $det Ble 0$. So $det B/det G le 0$.







                share|cite|improve this answer












                share|cite|improve this answer



                share|cite|improve this answer










                answered Dec 1 at 22:54









                Ted Shifrin

                62.3k44489




                62.3k44489






























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