Linear Stability Analysis of a System of PDEs












1














I want to perform a linear stability analysis of the following system of PDEs to determine if oscillations arise and - in case they arise - the conditions for them to arise:



begin{align}
frac{partial c_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 c_1}{partial x^2} + a_1 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} + f_1(c_1, c_2) \ frac{partial c_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 c_1}{partial x^2} + a_2 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} + f_2(c_1, c_2) \ frac{partial c_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} & = A + a_1 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} + f_1(c_1, c_2) Big |_{x = 0}
end{align}



Hereby, $D_1$, $D_2$, $a_1$, $a_2$ are constants and $f_1(c_1, c_2)$ and $f_2(c_1, c_2)$ both are nonlinear functions.



My idea:



We make the following ansatz for a stationary state solution: $c_{1,2}^* = A_{1,2} e^{-kx}$



It holds



begin{align}
0 & = -k^2 D_1 c_1^* - k a_1 c_1^* + f_1(c_1^*, c_2^*) \ 0 & = - k^2 D_2 c_2^* - k a_2 c_2^* + f_2(c_1^*, c_2^*) \ - k c_1^*(0) & = A - k a_1 c_1^*(0) + f_1(c_1^*(0), c_2^*(0)).
end{align}



This must hold in particular for $x = 0$ which gives



begin{align}
0 & = -k^2 D_1 A_1 - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(A_1, A_2) \ 0 & = - k^2 D_2 A_2 - k a_2 A_2 + f_2(A_1, A_2) \ - k A_1 & = A - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(A_1, A_2).
end{align}



Introducing $y_{1,2} = c_{1,2} - c_{1,2}^*$ it holds



begin{align}
frac{partial y_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 y_1}{partial x^2} - k^2 D_1 c_1^* + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} - k a_1 c_1^* + f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) \ frac{partial y_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 y_2}{partial x^2} - k^2 D_2 c_2^* + a_2 frac{partial y_2}{partial x} - k a_2 c_2^* + f_2(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) \ frac{partial y_1}{partial t} Big |_{x = 0} & = A + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) Big |_{x = 0}.
end{align}



Using both a Taylor expansion of $f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*)$ and $f_2(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*)$ around $(c_1^*, c_2^*)$ and the equations above we get



begin{align}
frac{partial y_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 y_1}{partial x^2} + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ frac{partial y_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 y_2}{partial x^2} + a_2 frac{partial y_2}{partial x} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ frac{partial y_1}{partial t} Big |_{x = 0} & = a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} - k A_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 Big |_{x = 0} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 Big |_{x = 0}.
end{align}



For $y_{1,2}$ we make the ansatz $y_{1,2} = B_{1,2} e^{-kx} e^{i omega t}$ which gives



begin{align}
i omega y_1 & = k^2 D_1 y_1 - k a_1 y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ i omega y_2 & = k^2 D_2 y_2 - k a_2 y_2 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ i omega y_1 Big |_{x = 0} & = - k a_1 y_1 Big |_{x = 0} - k A_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 Big |_{x = 0} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 Big |_{x = 0}.
end{align}



We get



begin{align}
begin{pmatrix}
i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) && - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*)
\
- frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) && i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*)
end{pmatrix}
begin{pmatrix}
y_1
\
y_2
end{pmatrix}
=
begin{pmatrix}
0
\
0
end{pmatrix}.
end{align}



This system of linear equations has non trivial solutions if and only if the determinant of the matrix vanishes:



$Big (i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) Big ) Big (i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) Big ) - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) = 0$



This equation must hold in particular for $x = 0$ which gives



$(i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (A_1, A_2)) (i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (A_1, A_2)) - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (A_1, A_2) frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (A_1, A_2) = 0.$



In order to determine the frequency $omega$, we need to know $k$, $A_1$ and $A_2$ which are given by the equations for $c_{1,2}^*$ above, evaluated at $x = 0$.



Does this approach work or are there conceptual errors? Is there perhaps another way to determine if oscillations occur and - in case they occur - to determine the conditions for $omega$?










share|cite|improve this question





























    1














    I want to perform a linear stability analysis of the following system of PDEs to determine if oscillations arise and - in case they arise - the conditions for them to arise:



    begin{align}
    frac{partial c_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 c_1}{partial x^2} + a_1 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} + f_1(c_1, c_2) \ frac{partial c_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 c_1}{partial x^2} + a_2 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} + f_2(c_1, c_2) \ frac{partial c_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} & = A + a_1 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} + f_1(c_1, c_2) Big |_{x = 0}
    end{align}



    Hereby, $D_1$, $D_2$, $a_1$, $a_2$ are constants and $f_1(c_1, c_2)$ and $f_2(c_1, c_2)$ both are nonlinear functions.



    My idea:



    We make the following ansatz for a stationary state solution: $c_{1,2}^* = A_{1,2} e^{-kx}$



    It holds



    begin{align}
    0 & = -k^2 D_1 c_1^* - k a_1 c_1^* + f_1(c_1^*, c_2^*) \ 0 & = - k^2 D_2 c_2^* - k a_2 c_2^* + f_2(c_1^*, c_2^*) \ - k c_1^*(0) & = A - k a_1 c_1^*(0) + f_1(c_1^*(0), c_2^*(0)).
    end{align}



    This must hold in particular for $x = 0$ which gives



    begin{align}
    0 & = -k^2 D_1 A_1 - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(A_1, A_2) \ 0 & = - k^2 D_2 A_2 - k a_2 A_2 + f_2(A_1, A_2) \ - k A_1 & = A - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(A_1, A_2).
    end{align}



    Introducing $y_{1,2} = c_{1,2} - c_{1,2}^*$ it holds



    begin{align}
    frac{partial y_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 y_1}{partial x^2} - k^2 D_1 c_1^* + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} - k a_1 c_1^* + f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) \ frac{partial y_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 y_2}{partial x^2} - k^2 D_2 c_2^* + a_2 frac{partial y_2}{partial x} - k a_2 c_2^* + f_2(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) \ frac{partial y_1}{partial t} Big |_{x = 0} & = A + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) Big |_{x = 0}.
    end{align}



    Using both a Taylor expansion of $f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*)$ and $f_2(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*)$ around $(c_1^*, c_2^*)$ and the equations above we get



    begin{align}
    frac{partial y_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 y_1}{partial x^2} + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ frac{partial y_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 y_2}{partial x^2} + a_2 frac{partial y_2}{partial x} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ frac{partial y_1}{partial t} Big |_{x = 0} & = a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} - k A_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 Big |_{x = 0} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 Big |_{x = 0}.
    end{align}



    For $y_{1,2}$ we make the ansatz $y_{1,2} = B_{1,2} e^{-kx} e^{i omega t}$ which gives



    begin{align}
    i omega y_1 & = k^2 D_1 y_1 - k a_1 y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ i omega y_2 & = k^2 D_2 y_2 - k a_2 y_2 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ i omega y_1 Big |_{x = 0} & = - k a_1 y_1 Big |_{x = 0} - k A_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 Big |_{x = 0} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 Big |_{x = 0}.
    end{align}



    We get



    begin{align}
    begin{pmatrix}
    i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) && - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*)
    \
    - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) && i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*)
    end{pmatrix}
    begin{pmatrix}
    y_1
    \
    y_2
    end{pmatrix}
    =
    begin{pmatrix}
    0
    \
    0
    end{pmatrix}.
    end{align}



    This system of linear equations has non trivial solutions if and only if the determinant of the matrix vanishes:



    $Big (i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) Big ) Big (i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) Big ) - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) = 0$



    This equation must hold in particular for $x = 0$ which gives



    $(i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (A_1, A_2)) (i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (A_1, A_2)) - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (A_1, A_2) frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (A_1, A_2) = 0.$



    In order to determine the frequency $omega$, we need to know $k$, $A_1$ and $A_2$ which are given by the equations for $c_{1,2}^*$ above, evaluated at $x = 0$.



    Does this approach work or are there conceptual errors? Is there perhaps another way to determine if oscillations occur and - in case they occur - to determine the conditions for $omega$?










    share|cite|improve this question



























      1












      1








      1







      I want to perform a linear stability analysis of the following system of PDEs to determine if oscillations arise and - in case they arise - the conditions for them to arise:



      begin{align}
      frac{partial c_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 c_1}{partial x^2} + a_1 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} + f_1(c_1, c_2) \ frac{partial c_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 c_1}{partial x^2} + a_2 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} + f_2(c_1, c_2) \ frac{partial c_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} & = A + a_1 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} + f_1(c_1, c_2) Big |_{x = 0}
      end{align}



      Hereby, $D_1$, $D_2$, $a_1$, $a_2$ are constants and $f_1(c_1, c_2)$ and $f_2(c_1, c_2)$ both are nonlinear functions.



      My idea:



      We make the following ansatz for a stationary state solution: $c_{1,2}^* = A_{1,2} e^{-kx}$



      It holds



      begin{align}
      0 & = -k^2 D_1 c_1^* - k a_1 c_1^* + f_1(c_1^*, c_2^*) \ 0 & = - k^2 D_2 c_2^* - k a_2 c_2^* + f_2(c_1^*, c_2^*) \ - k c_1^*(0) & = A - k a_1 c_1^*(0) + f_1(c_1^*(0), c_2^*(0)).
      end{align}



      This must hold in particular for $x = 0$ which gives



      begin{align}
      0 & = -k^2 D_1 A_1 - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(A_1, A_2) \ 0 & = - k^2 D_2 A_2 - k a_2 A_2 + f_2(A_1, A_2) \ - k A_1 & = A - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(A_1, A_2).
      end{align}



      Introducing $y_{1,2} = c_{1,2} - c_{1,2}^*$ it holds



      begin{align}
      frac{partial y_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 y_1}{partial x^2} - k^2 D_1 c_1^* + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} - k a_1 c_1^* + f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) \ frac{partial y_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 y_2}{partial x^2} - k^2 D_2 c_2^* + a_2 frac{partial y_2}{partial x} - k a_2 c_2^* + f_2(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) \ frac{partial y_1}{partial t} Big |_{x = 0} & = A + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) Big |_{x = 0}.
      end{align}



      Using both a Taylor expansion of $f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*)$ and $f_2(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*)$ around $(c_1^*, c_2^*)$ and the equations above we get



      begin{align}
      frac{partial y_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 y_1}{partial x^2} + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ frac{partial y_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 y_2}{partial x^2} + a_2 frac{partial y_2}{partial x} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ frac{partial y_1}{partial t} Big |_{x = 0} & = a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} - k A_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 Big |_{x = 0} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 Big |_{x = 0}.
      end{align}



      For $y_{1,2}$ we make the ansatz $y_{1,2} = B_{1,2} e^{-kx} e^{i omega t}$ which gives



      begin{align}
      i omega y_1 & = k^2 D_1 y_1 - k a_1 y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ i omega y_2 & = k^2 D_2 y_2 - k a_2 y_2 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ i omega y_1 Big |_{x = 0} & = - k a_1 y_1 Big |_{x = 0} - k A_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 Big |_{x = 0} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 Big |_{x = 0}.
      end{align}



      We get



      begin{align}
      begin{pmatrix}
      i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) && - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*)
      \
      - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) && i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*)
      end{pmatrix}
      begin{pmatrix}
      y_1
      \
      y_2
      end{pmatrix}
      =
      begin{pmatrix}
      0
      \
      0
      end{pmatrix}.
      end{align}



      This system of linear equations has non trivial solutions if and only if the determinant of the matrix vanishes:



      $Big (i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) Big ) Big (i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) Big ) - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) = 0$



      This equation must hold in particular for $x = 0$ which gives



      $(i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (A_1, A_2)) (i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (A_1, A_2)) - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (A_1, A_2) frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (A_1, A_2) = 0.$



      In order to determine the frequency $omega$, we need to know $k$, $A_1$ and $A_2$ which are given by the equations for $c_{1,2}^*$ above, evaluated at $x = 0$.



      Does this approach work or are there conceptual errors? Is there perhaps another way to determine if oscillations occur and - in case they occur - to determine the conditions for $omega$?










      share|cite|improve this question















      I want to perform a linear stability analysis of the following system of PDEs to determine if oscillations arise and - in case they arise - the conditions for them to arise:



      begin{align}
      frac{partial c_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 c_1}{partial x^2} + a_1 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} + f_1(c_1, c_2) \ frac{partial c_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 c_1}{partial x^2} + a_2 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} + f_2(c_1, c_2) \ frac{partial c_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} & = A + a_1 frac{partial c_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} + f_1(c_1, c_2) Big |_{x = 0}
      end{align}



      Hereby, $D_1$, $D_2$, $a_1$, $a_2$ are constants and $f_1(c_1, c_2)$ and $f_2(c_1, c_2)$ both are nonlinear functions.



      My idea:



      We make the following ansatz for a stationary state solution: $c_{1,2}^* = A_{1,2} e^{-kx}$



      It holds



      begin{align}
      0 & = -k^2 D_1 c_1^* - k a_1 c_1^* + f_1(c_1^*, c_2^*) \ 0 & = - k^2 D_2 c_2^* - k a_2 c_2^* + f_2(c_1^*, c_2^*) \ - k c_1^*(0) & = A - k a_1 c_1^*(0) + f_1(c_1^*(0), c_2^*(0)).
      end{align}



      This must hold in particular for $x = 0$ which gives



      begin{align}
      0 & = -k^2 D_1 A_1 - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(A_1, A_2) \ 0 & = - k^2 D_2 A_2 - k a_2 A_2 + f_2(A_1, A_2) \ - k A_1 & = A - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(A_1, A_2).
      end{align}



      Introducing $y_{1,2} = c_{1,2} - c_{1,2}^*$ it holds



      begin{align}
      frac{partial y_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 y_1}{partial x^2} - k^2 D_1 c_1^* + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} - k a_1 c_1^* + f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) \ frac{partial y_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 y_2}{partial x^2} - k^2 D_2 c_2^* + a_2 frac{partial y_2}{partial x} - k a_2 c_2^* + f_2(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) \ frac{partial y_1}{partial t} Big |_{x = 0} & = A + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} - k a_1 A_1 + f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*) Big |_{x = 0}.
      end{align}



      Using both a Taylor expansion of $f_1(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*)$ and $f_2(y_1 + c_1^*, y_2 + c_2^*)$ around $(c_1^*, c_2^*)$ and the equations above we get



      begin{align}
      frac{partial y_1}{partial t} & = D_1 frac{partial^2 y_1}{partial x^2} + a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ frac{partial y_2}{partial t} & = D_2 frac{partial^2 y_2}{partial x^2} + a_2 frac{partial y_2}{partial x} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ frac{partial y_1}{partial t} Big |_{x = 0} & = a_1 frac{partial y_1}{partial x} Big |_{x = 0} - k A_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 Big |_{x = 0} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 Big |_{x = 0}.
      end{align}



      For $y_{1,2}$ we make the ansatz $y_{1,2} = B_{1,2} e^{-kx} e^{i omega t}$ which gives



      begin{align}
      i omega y_1 & = k^2 D_1 y_1 - k a_1 y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ i omega y_2 & = k^2 D_2 y_2 - k a_2 y_2 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 \ i omega y_1 Big |_{x = 0} & = - k a_1 y_1 Big |_{x = 0} - k A_1 + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_1 Big |_{x = 0} + frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) y_2 Big |_{x = 0}.
      end{align}



      We get



      begin{align}
      begin{pmatrix}
      i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) && - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*)
      \
      - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) && i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*)
      end{pmatrix}
      begin{pmatrix}
      y_1
      \
      y_2
      end{pmatrix}
      =
      begin{pmatrix}
      0
      \
      0
      end{pmatrix}.
      end{align}



      This system of linear equations has non trivial solutions if and only if the determinant of the matrix vanishes:



      $Big (i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) Big ) Big (i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) Big ) - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (c_1^*, c_2^*) frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (c_1^*, c_2^*) = 0$



      This equation must hold in particular for $x = 0$ which gives



      $(i omega - k^2 D_1 + k a_1 - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_1} (A_1, A_2)) (i omega - k^2 D_2 + k a_2 - frac{partial f_2}{partial c_2} (A_1, A_2)) - frac{partial f_1}{partial c_2} (A_1, A_2) frac{partial f_2}{partial c_1} (A_1, A_2) = 0.$



      In order to determine the frequency $omega$, we need to know $k$, $A_1$ and $A_2$ which are given by the equations for $c_{1,2}^*$ above, evaluated at $x = 0$.



      Does this approach work or are there conceptual errors? Is there perhaps another way to determine if oscillations occur and - in case they occur - to determine the conditions for $omega$?







      real-analysis linear-algebra differential-equations pde bifurcation






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      edited Dec 14 at 15:08

























      asked Dec 8 at 23:33









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